Art History -Chap 6 - Images page 3

6.30 Market Gate, from Miletos (Turkey), c. 120 CE
-added during the rein of Hadrian
-3 arched openings
-lower level is composite order, w/ capitals formed by superimposing Ionic volutes on corinthian capitals
-second level has shorter corinthian columns and entablatures have repeated design, but has two center pairings supported by a broken pediment
-symbolics architecture: architecture as propaganda for the power and glory of Rome
-intention of the patrons of structures like the gate at Miletos was to impress the populace

6.31/6.32/6.33 Colosseum, Rome 72-80 CE
-word derived from a gigantic statue of Nero called the Colossus standing next to it
-280 by 175 and 159 high
-for athletic events, spectacles, animal hunts, gladiator and animal fights, performances of animals and acrobats, and mocked sea battles
-capacity: 55,000
-two types of vault: groin vaults and barrel-vaults
-three levels of arcades: bottom in the plain Tuscan order, second is the Ionic and third in the Corinthian to show tradition

6.34 Pantheon, Rome
-literally meaing "all the gods"
-completed under the patronage of Hadrian
-between 125-128 CE
-to commemorate the defeat of Anthony and Cleopatra
-significant for its giant rotunda (20 feet thick), 75 feet high,dome, coffers
-seven niches originally held statues

6.37 Arch of Titus, Rome c. 81 CE. concrete and white marble, height 50'
-show triumphal arch which is the most admirable roman structure
-during the time that Domitian assumed the throne in 81 CE
-a freestanding gateway whose passage is covered by a barrel vault
-originally the giant arch served as a giant base for statue of a 4-horse chariot and driver
-inscription declares that the senate and the Roman ppl erected the monument to honor Titus

6.39 Romans Crossing the Danub and Building a Fort,
-detail of the lowest part of the column of Trajan, 113-16 CE, or after 117. marble, height of the spiral band appox. 36''
-shows Trajan's army crossing the Danube River on a pontoon bridge as the campaign gets under way
-shows Hadrians lvoe of greek art

6.42 Young Flavian Woman c. 90, marble, height 25''
-exemplifies teh idealized portrait type
-shows strong nose and jaw, heavy brows, deep-set eyes, and a long neck contrast w/ the smoothly rendered flesh and soft, full lips
-hair piled high to show latest fashion
-very lifelike

6.42 Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius
-(after restoration) c. 176 CE, bronze, originally glided, height of statue 11'6''
-a glided bronze equestrian statue of the emperor came early but mistakenly to be revered as a statue of Constantine (first christian emperor in the Middle ages)
-resembles a "philosopher"
-shows persuasiveness and he reaches out toward the ppl

6.56 Canopus, Hadrian's Villa, Tivoli c. 135 CE
-canopus is a long reflecting pool
-after the site near Alexandria
-copies of famous greek statues and sometimes even the originals filled the spaces between the columns
-Hadrian had the caryatids of the Erechtheion replicated for his palace pleasure

6.68 Caracalla
-early 3rd century ce. marble, height 14 1/2''
-shows intensity from the contrasts of light and dark w/ careful chiseling and drillwork
-eyes drilled and engraved to catch the light, glittering effect
-shows changing of character of the imperial rule
-Caracalla revealed himself as a no-nonsense ruler of iron-fisted determination